Research area

Tissue regeneration research

Four vials are in this group. Two are a single peptide, BPC-157 and TB-500. Two are mixes. Wolverine is those two together. GLOW adds a third, GHK-Cu. They are grouped because the published work looks at tissue and cell movement. They are not the same compound, and a listing here is not a claim that the vial repairs tissue.

What the studies look at

BPC-157 is a made peptide of 15 amino acids, the building blocks of a protein. It weighs about 1,419 daltons, the lab measure of its size. It is a short copy of a protein found in gastric juice. Most of the work comes from Sikiric and the Zagreb group, in tendon, muscle, gut and blood-vessel models. Staresinic and colleagues reported stronger Achilles tendon repair in rats after a surgical cut, judged by how much load the tendon took and by the tissue slides (PMID 14554208). Chang and colleagues reported faster growth from tendon samples and faster movement of tendon cells (PMID 21030672), and later more growth-hormone receptor on those cells (PMID 25415472). Those are results in a model. They are not a result for this vial, and they are not a human finding. The side-by-side page is BPC-157 vs TB-500.

TB-500 is a short piece of a larger protein, thymosin beta-4. The piece is seven amino acids and keeps the LKKTETQ motif, the part tied to cell movement. The full protein is 43 amino acids. A study on the full protein does not carry over to this piece, because they are not the same material. TB-500 and BPC-157 are also not the same pathway. A paper on one is not a paper on the other.

How the four vials differ

Vial What is in it What the studies look at Page
BPC-157 One peptide, 15 amino acids Tendon, muscle, gut and blood-vessel models BPC-157
TB-500 Short piece of thymosin beta-4 Cell movement TB-500
Wolverine BPC-157 and TB-500 Both, in one vial. Not a new compound Wolverine
GLOW BPC-157, TB-500 and GHK-Cu Adds a copper peptide used in skin and matrix models GLOW

BPC-157 sequence: Gly-Glu-Pro-Pro-Pro-Gly-Lys-Pro-Ala-Asp-Asp-Ala-Gly-Leu-Val. The amount in each vial is on the product page.

Wolverine is the two peptides in one vial. A result from the mix cannot be blamed on either peptide alone, and the mix is not listed as stronger than the two parts. GLOW adds GHK-Cu. Pickart and Margolina reviewed that copper peptide against collagen and matrix data (PMID 29986520). Those studies do not test the finished GLOW vial. GHK-Cu itself is on the dermatology page. The mix comparison is Wolverine vs GLOW.

Certificate and lot

A batch is listed only after the certificate is checked against it. The lot number on the file has to match the lot number on the vial. If it does not, that batch is not listed. The test is HPLC, which measures purity, and mass spectrometry where the certificate includes it, which checks the identity. Every listed peptide is at least 99% by HPLC. The number for a vial is the number on that batch’s certificate. How to read the file is on the certificate page.

The compounds

BPC-157, TB-500, Wolverine and GLOW are below. Each product page has the amount, what is in the vial, and the certificate for that lot.

Sources

  • Staresinic M, et al. J Orthop Res. 2003. PMID 14554208. Achilles tendon repair in rats.
  • Chang CH, et al. J Appl Physiol. 2011. PMID 21030672. Tendon growth and cell movement.
  • Chang CH, et al. Molecules. 2014. PMID 25415472. Growth-hormone receptor on tendon cells.
  • Pickart L, Margolina A. Int J Mol Sci. 2018. PMID 29986520. GHK-Cu review.

These papers describe models. They do not test the vial on this page.

For laboratory research only. Not for human or veterinary use.

All products are supplied strictly for laboratory and analytical research. They are not for human consumption, medical use, or veterinary use.